RBI Banking Ban Reversal: What Changed for Crypto in India After the Supreme Court Ruling

RBI Banking Ban Reversal: What Changed for Crypto in India After the Supreme Court Ruling

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Before March 2020, if you wanted to buy Bitcoin in India, you had to find a way around the banks. Not because the government had outlawed crypto - but because the RBI banking ban made it nearly impossible to fund your trades. Exchanges couldn’t open bank accounts. Deposits got frozen. Withdrawals disappeared. People lost money. Startups shut down. And yet, millions kept trading - through peer-to-peer deals, cash transfers, and offshore wallets. The system was broken. Then the Supreme Court stepped in.

How the RBI’s 2018 Ban Crushed India’s Crypto Scene

In April 2018, the Reserve Bank of India issued a circular that told all banks and financial institutions: stop serving anyone dealing in virtual currencies. No accounts. No UPI. No NEFT. No wire transfers. The move wasn’t a law. It wasn’t even a bill. It was a regulatory order with the force of law. And it worked - too well.

Within months, India’s top crypto exchanges like WazirX, CoinDCX, and Unocoin were forced to freeze trading. Some paused deposits. Others shut down entirely. Investors couldn’t cash out. Startups building blockchain tools for logistics, supply chains, or even land records found their bank accounts closed. One fintech founder told me his team spent six months trying to reopen a business account - only to be told, “We don’t serve crypto-related businesses.” Even if they weren’t trading crypto, their tech was flagged.

The RBI claimed it was protecting consumers from fraud, volatility, and money laundering. But here’s the thing: they never showed proof. No data. No case studies. No evidence that any bank had lost money because of crypto clients. The ban was a sledgehammer - and it hit everything in its path.

The Supreme Court’s Landmark Decision

On March 4, 2020, the Supreme Court of India ruled that the RBI’s ban was unconstitutional. In a unanimous decision, the court said the central bank had violated Article 19(1)(g) - the right to carry on any profession, trade, or business. Justice Rohinton Fali Nariman wrote that the RBI had failed the “test of proportionality.” That’s legal jargon for: you didn’t try anything smaller before going nuclear.

The court didn’t say crypto was safe. It didn’t say it was good. It just said: you can’t shut down an entire industry without proving it’s causing real harm. And the RBI couldn’t prove it. Not even close.

The ruling didn’t legalize crypto. It didn’t make Bitcoin legal tender. But it did something just as powerful: it restored banking access. Overnight, exchanges reopened. Users could deposit rupees again. Trading volumes jumped 300% in the next three months. New platforms launched. Investors returned. And for the first time, crypto in India started feeling like a real market - not a shadow economy.

What Changed After the Ban Was Lifted

Before March 2020, India had maybe 500,000 crypto users. By the end of 2020, that number hit 15 million. By 2025, it’s over 30 million - the third-largest crypto market in Asia after Japan and South Korea. Why? Because people could finally move money in and out without jumping through hoops.

Exchanges started offering rupee on-ramps. KYC became smoother. Wallets got integrated with UPI. Some platforms even began offering crypto-backed loans. The ecosystem grew from just trading to lending, staking, DeFi, and NFTs. Even traditional finance took notice: Kotak Mahindra Bank started offering crypto custody services to institutional clients in 2023. ICICI Bank quietly began processing crypto-related payments for registered businesses.

The RBI didn’t celebrate. But it stopped blocking. After the ruling, the central bank couldn’t legally refuse to serve crypto firms - unless they could prove specific harm. That’s a huge shift. No more blanket bans. No more fishing expeditions. Just regulation based on evidence.

Justice holding scale of justice with Article 19(1)(g) against RBI documents

The Government’s Half-Step: The 2021 Bill That Never Happened

While the courts opened the door, the government tried to slam it shut again.

In 2021, the Ministry of Finance leaked a draft bill called the Cryptocurrency and Regulation of Official Digital Currency Bill. It proposed banning all private cryptocurrencies - mining, trading, holding, even gifting. At the same time, it planned to launch a digital rupee (CBDC) controlled by the RBI.

The idea was simple: kill crypto, but keep control. But the backlash was immediate. Developers, investors, and even some economists spoke out. They pointed out that banning crypto wouldn’t stop people from using it - it would just drive it underground. And if the goal was to prevent money laundering, existing AML laws already covered that.

The bill was never tabled in Parliament. No vote. No debate. Just silence. By 2024, officials stopped talking about it. The government shifted focus to the digital rupee - which launched in 2023 - and quietly accepted that crypto was here to stay.

Current Rules: Legal, But Not Official

As of 2025, here’s the real state of crypto in India:

  • Legal to own and trade? Yes.
  • Legal tender? No. You can’t pay for groceries with Bitcoin.
  • Banking access? Yes. Banks can’t refuse service unless there’s a proven risk.
  • Taxes? Yes. 30% tax on gains, plus 1% TDS on every trade since 2022.
  • Regulated? Not officially. No licensing system. No consumer protection rules. Just tax compliance.
That’s the paradox. You can trade freely. But if your exchange gets hacked? No recourse. If a platform vanishes with your money? No regulator to call. The government leaves you on your own - as long as you pay your taxes.

Futuristic Indian city with glowing crypto exchanges and UPI payments at night

Why the RBI Still Hates Crypto

Even after losing in court, the RBI hasn’t changed its mind. Former Governor Shaktikanta Das called crypto a “threat to monetary sovereignty.” The central bank still worries that if millions start using Bitcoin instead of rupees, it could destabilize India’s economy. They fear capital flight. They fear loss of control over interest rates. They fear inflation from unregulated digital money.

Those are valid concerns. But the court already said: don’t ban. Regulate. The RBI hasn’t taken that step. Instead, they’ve pushed for a digital rupee - a state-controlled version of crypto - and stayed silent on private digital assets.

It’s a strategy of avoidance. Let the market grow. Tax it. Ignore it. But don’t help it.

What’s Next for Crypto in India?

The next big question isn’t whether crypto will survive. It’s whether India will finally build a real regulatory framework.

Right now, the country is stuck in a gray zone. Exchanges operate. Investors trade. But there’s no clarity on things like:

  • Can you use crypto as collateral for loans?
  • What happens if a crypto platform goes bankrupt?
  • Can minors invest?
  • How do you prove ownership of crypto assets in court?
Without answers, the market stays risky. But it’s also growing fast. India’s crypto market is projected to hit $10 billion in annual trading volume by 2027. That’s not a bubble. That’s demand.

The real threat isn’t crypto. It’s regulatory inaction. If India doesn’t create clear rules soon, investors will keep turning to offshore exchanges - and the country will miss out on blockchain innovation, job creation, and fintech leadership.

What You Need to Know Today

If you’re in India and thinking about crypto:

  • You can legally buy, sell, and hold digital assets.
  • You must pay 30% tax on profits, and 1% TDS on every trade.
  • Use only registered exchanges that comply with KYC.
  • Never trust platforms promising “guaranteed returns.”
  • Keep your private keys safe - no one else can recover them.
The RBI banking ban is gone. But the risks aren’t. The law protects your right to trade - but not your money. Stay smart. Stay informed. And don’t wait for the government to save you.

Is cryptocurrency legal in India in 2025?

Yes, cryptocurrency is legal to buy, sell, and hold in India as of 2025. The Reserve Bank of India’s 2018 banking ban was overturned by the Supreme Court in 2020, restoring banking access for crypto businesses. However, crypto is not legal tender - you can’t use it to pay for goods or services officially.

Can I open a bank account for my crypto business in India?

Yes, banks cannot refuse to serve crypto businesses after the Supreme Court’s 2020 ruling. However, banks may still ask for extra documentation or monitor transactions closely. As long as your business is registered, complies with KYC, and pays taxes, you should be able to open an account. Some banks, like Kotak and ICICI, now offer services to regulated crypto firms.

Do I have to pay taxes on crypto in India?

Yes. India taxes crypto gains at 30%, with no deductions allowed for losses. Additionally, a 1% TDS (Tax Deducted at Source) is applied on every crypto trade since July 2022. This applies whether you trade on Indian or foreign exchanges, as long as you’re an Indian resident.

Why did the Supreme Court overturn the RBI’s ban?

The Supreme Court ruled that the RBI’s 2018 ban violated the fundamental right to carry on any trade or business under Article 19(1)(g) of the Indian Constitution. The court found the RBI failed to prove that crypto caused actual harm to banks or the financial system. The ban was deemed disproportionate - a sledgehammer when a scalpel would’ve worked.

Is the Indian government planning to ban crypto again?

No current plans exist to ban crypto. A 2021 draft bill proposed a ban, but it was never introduced in Parliament and has since been abandoned. The government’s focus has shifted to launching its own digital currency (CBDC), while leaving private crypto largely unregulated - except for taxation.

What’s the difference between crypto and the digital rupee?

The digital rupee is a central bank digital currency (CBDC) issued and controlled by the Reserve Bank of India. It’s backed by the government, works like digital cash, and is tied to the Indian rupee. Cryptocurrency, like Bitcoin or Ethereum, is decentralized, not issued by any government, and its value fluctuates based on market demand. One is state-controlled money. The other is private digital money.

6 Comments

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    Edward Phuakwatana

    November 14, 2025 AT 03:07

    Bro, this is the kind of judicial wisdom that makes me believe in institutions again 🙌 The RBI didn’t just overreach-they weaponized ambiguity. And the Supreme Court? They didn’t just rule. They restored dignity to the idea of proportionality. Crypto isn’t magic. But banning it because you’re scared of tech? That’s not regulation. That’s cowardice with a stamp.

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    Suhail Kashmiri

    November 15, 2025 AT 20:30

    India don’t need crypto. We got our own problems-poverty, corruption, education. Why are we wasting time on digital gambling? The RBI was right to block it. Now everyone’s running around like chickens with their heads cut off buying Dogecoin. Pathetic.

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    Kristin LeGard

    November 17, 2025 AT 04:23

    Let me get this straight-India’s Supreme Court let crypto thrive because the RBI couldn’t prove harm? LOL. Meanwhile, in the US, we’re actually regulating this shit. You think letting 30 million people trade unregulated tokens is ‘freedom’? It’s a Ponzi waiting to explode. And now you want to call it innovation? Please. This isn’t progress-it’s chaos with a startup vibe.

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    Arthur Coddington

    November 18, 2025 AT 14:44

    I mean… what even is money anymore? Like, if I can trade a JPEG for a Lamborghini, is that real? Or are we all just living in a simulation where the RBI was the glitch? I’m not saying crypto’s good or bad. I’m just saying… I miss when money had paper in it. And banks had janitors.

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    Phil Bradley

    November 20, 2025 AT 11:06

    Man, I used to think the RBI was just being cautious. But reading this? Nah. They were scared. And fear doesn’t make good policy. The fact that people kept trading anyway-through cash, P2P, offshore wallets-that’s resilience. That’s human ingenuity. The court didn’t legalize crypto. It recognized that people were already living in the future. And the RBI? They were still trying to lock the door after the horse was gone.

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    Stephanie Platis

    November 20, 2025 AT 23:37

    Let’s be precise: the Supreme Court did not ‘legalize’ cryptocurrency. It invalidated an unlawful administrative directive. There is a difference. Furthermore, the 30% capital gains tax, coupled with the 1% TDS, constitutes a de facto regulatory framework. The absence of licensing does not equate to ‘no regulation.’ It equates to tax collection without oversight. This is not a feature-it is a flaw.

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